Urology Archives - Page 275 of 276

Pleural effusion

A pleural effusion is a disease of the lung. The pleura are thin films of connective tissue, which line both the outer surface of the lungs, and the inside of the chest cavity. The relationship of the pleura to the lungs and chest can be imagined as if the pleura were a balloon...

Asthma

Asthma is a disease of the lungs. People with asthma experience episodes of asthma, or asthma attacks. This occurs when there is a narrowing and inflammation of the airways, which makes it harder to breathe. Asthma is an extremely common disease, and is the most common chronic...

Atrial fibrillation (AF)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a disorder of the rhythm of the heart. It results from disorganised electrical activity in the atria of the heart, which causes rapid stimulation of the ventricles, leading to an irregular pulse rate. AF is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia.

Aortic stenosis (AS)

Aortic stenosis (AS) is the constriction of the aortic valve of the heart - the valve that regulates the blood being pumped out by the heart and stops it from flowing back into the left ventricle of heart. Aortic stenosis leads to heart failure.

Common cold

Common Cold: The common cold is an acute infection of the throat and nasal passages. It may be caused by several different viruses, the most common of which are rhinoviruses. The term 'common cold' refers to a set of symptoms, rather than a specific disease.

Mitral stenosis (MS)

Mitral stenosis is a narrowing or obstruction of the opening of the mitral valve, which separates the upper (left arium) and lower chamber (left ventricle) on the left side of the heart. This prevents adequate blood flow between the left atrium (upper chamber) and ventricle...