Paediatrics Archives - Page 223 of 226

Kidney disease: Chronic renal failure

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD, also known as Chronic Renal Failure) is a disease affecting the kidney. It occurs with long-term kidney disease, resulting in a gradual decline in kidney function over time.

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (adrenogenital syndromes)

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and adrenogenital syndromes are diseases of the Adrenal glands. The adrenal cortex is divided into three zones which synthesise three different types of hormones...

Acid reflux (gastro-oesophageal reflux disease; GORD)

Acid reflux, also known as gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD or GERD), involves inflammation and irritation of the lower oesophagus due to the reflux of food and gastric acid. This reflux of gastric contents is spontaneous and involuntary.

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (A1AD; Alpha-1; AATD)

Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency is an inherited disease which affects the liver and lungs. Alpha 1-antitrypsin is an enzyme synthesised in the liver. If the level of alpha 1-antitrypsin is too low, protease enzymes can act unopposed, and cause excess protein breakdown. A...

Epilepsy

Epilepsy is the continuing tendency of a person to have seizures. An epileptic seizure is caused by an abnormal electrical discharge from a group of nerve cells in the brain. There are many different types of epilepsy and many different causes of epilepsy.

Bacterial meningitis

Meningitis is inflammation of the meninges covering the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis may be caused by infection, such as by viruses or bacteria. Overall, about 3 in 100,000 people get bacterial meningitis every year, depending on factors as geography, ethnicity,...

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)

Peptic ulcer, also known as peptic ulcer disease, is an ulcer in an area of the gastrointestinal tract that is often acidic (such as the stomach) and thus very painful.

Goitre (thyroid enlargement)

Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of Goitre thyroid enlargement by professional health specialists.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV; cold sores; genital sores; genital ulcers)

There are two different strains of herpes simplex viruses. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is usually associated with infections of the lips, mouth, and face (cold sores). Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is sexually transmitted and is usually associated with genital ulcers or sores.