Obesity in early adulthood associated with increased risk of psoriatic arthritis

Among persons with psoriasis, those who reported being obese at age 18 had an increased risk of developing psoriatic arthritis, according to a report in the 19 July issue of Archives of Dermatology, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.

Psoriatic arthritis is a specific type of arthritis that develops in the joints of some patients who have psoriasis. According to background information in the article, "obesity has emerged as a significant risk factor for psoriasis," and "psoriatic arthritis affects 6 per cent to 42 per cent of people with psoriasis."  Additionally, "psoriatic arthritis shares some clinical features with rheumatoid arthritis, both leading to joint destruction and significant morbidity."

Razieh Soltani-Arabshahi, MD, of the University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, and colleagues studied a volunteer sample of patients with dermatologist-diagnosed psoriasis enrolled in the Utah Psoriasis Initiative from November 2002 to October 2008. Of the 943 participants, 50.2 per cent were women and psoriatic arthritis was present in 26.5 per cent of participants with psoriasis (250 persons).

The study found that body mass index (BMI) at age 18 was predictive of psoriatic arthritis. Other predictors included younger age at psoriasis onset, being female and having larger body surface areas affected with psoriasis. Additionally, the findings show "the obese group having an earlier onset of psoriatic arthritis, followed by the overweight group and finally the normal BMI group." Twenty per cent of the overweight or obese group developed psoriatic arthritis by age 35 years while 20 per cent of those individuals in the normal BMI group developed psoriatic arthritis by age 48.

The authors conclude that their findings, "support a growing concept that patients more prone to psoriatic arthritis might benefit from more frequent and meticulous screening measures for early detection and treatment of psoriatic arthritis, i.e., before the development of irreversible joint destruction."

(Source: JAMA/Archives: Archives of Dermatology: July 2010)