LoginMirtazon
Generic Name: mirtazapine
Product Name: Mirtazon
Indication: What Mirtazon is used for
Mirtazon is used in the treatment of depression including relapse prevention.
Your doctor, however, may prescribe it for another purpose. Ask your doctor if you have any questions about why it has been prescribed for you.
This medicine is only available with a doctor’s prescription.
Mirtazon is not addictive.
Action: How Mirtazon works
Mirtazon is an antidepressant, which can be given as treatment for episodes of major depression. The active ingredient in Mirtazon is mirtazapine.
Depression is longer lasting or more severe than “low moods” everyone has from time to time due to the stress of everyday life. It is thought to be caused by a chemical imbalance in parts of the brain. This affects your whole body and can cause emotional and physical symptoms such as feeling low in spirit, loss of interest in activities, unable to enjoy life, poor appetite or overeating, disturbed sleep, often waking up early, loss of sex drive, lack of energy and feeling guilty over nothing. This medicine corrects chemical imbalance and may help relieve the symptoms of depression.
Mirtazapine is an antagonist of central α2-auto and hetero-adrenoceptors which causes an increase in both noradrenaline and serotonin release. The effect of released serotonin is exerted specifically via 5-HT1 type receptors, because 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 type receptors are specifically blocked by mirtazapine. Mirtazapine is accordingly a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant. The α2, 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 antagonistic effects all contribute to the antidepressant profile of mirtazapine.
The 30 mg oval Mirtazon tablets contain 30 mg of the active substance mirtazapine per tablet; the tablets also contain lactose, maize starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium stearate and silica colloidal anhydrous, hypromellose and macrogol 8000. The colouring agents are titanium dioxide, yellow iron oxide (CI 77492) and red iron oxide (CI 77491).
The 45 mg oval tablets contain 45 mg of the active substance mirtazapine per tablet; the tablets also contain lactose, maize starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, magnesium stearate and silica colloidal anhydrous, hypromellose and macrogol 8000; the colouring agent is titanium dioxide.
Dose advice: How to use Mirtazon
Before you take Mirtazon
When you must not take it
Do not take Mirtazon:
- If you are allergic to medicines containing mirtazapine;
- If you are allergic to any of the ingredients listed here.
Some of the symptoms of an allergic reaction may include skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, mouth, throat or other parts of the body, shortness of breath, wheezing or trouble breathing.
Do not take Mirtazon if you are taking another medicine for depression called a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) or have been taking an MAOI within the last 14 days. If you stop taking Mirtazon, do not take MAOI during the next two weeks either. Taking Mirtazon with an MAOI may cause a serious reaction with a sudden increase in body temperature, extremely high blood pressure and severe convulsions. Examples of this type of medicine include phenelzine, tranylcypromine and selegiline.
Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure if you are or if you have been taking a MAOI medicine.
Do not take Mirtazon if the packaging is torn or shows signs of tampering.
Do not take Mirtazon if the expiry date printed on the pack has passed.
If you are not sure whether you should start taking Mirtazon, talk to your doctor.
Before you start to take it
Do not give Mirtazon to a child or adolescent. The safety of Mirtazon in patients under 18 years has not been established.
Tell your doctor if:
- You are allergic to any other medicines, foods, dyes or preservatives;
- You are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Like most medicines of this kind, Mirtazon is not recommended to be used during pregnancy. Your doctor will discuss the risks and benefits of taking Mirtazon when pregnant;
- You are breastfeeding or wish to breastfeed. It is not known whether Mirtazon passes into breast milk;
- If you have or have had any medical conditions, especially the following:
- Thoughts of suicide or self-harm;
- Epilepsy (fits or convulsions);
- Liver disease such as jaundice;
- Kidney disease;
- Heart disease;
- Low blood pressure;
- Certain kinds of heart conditions that may change your heart rhythm, a recent heart attack, heart failure, or take certain medicines that may affect the heart’s rhythm;
- Any mental illness (e.g. schizophrenia, manic depression);
- Diabetes;
- Glaucoma (increased pressure in the eye);
- Problems in urinating due to an enlarged prostate;
- Unexplainable high fever, sore throat and mouth ulcers;
- Galactose intolerance;
- Glucose-galactose malabsorption.
If you have not told your doctor about any of the above, tell them before you take Mirtazon.
Tell your doctor if you react badly to lactose or milk before you start taking Mirtazon. Mirtazon tablets contain lactose.
Taking other medicines
Tell your doctor if you are taking any other medicines, including medicines you buy without a prescription from a pharmacy, supermarket or health food shop.
Some medicines may be affected by Mirtazon or may affect how well it works. These include:
- Other medicines (e.g. SSRIs, venlafaxine, L-tryptophan, nefazodone) for depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorders or pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder;
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (such as tranylcypromine, phenelzine, and selegiline);
- Medicines containing St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum);
- Phenytoin or carbamazepine, medicines used to treat epilepsy;
- Benzodiazepines, medicines used to treat anxiety and sleeping problems;
- Lithium, a medicine used to treat some psychiatric conditions;
- Methylene blue (used to treat high levels of methemoglobin in the blood);
- Tramadol, a painkiller;
- Morphine, a medicine for severe pain;
- Cetirizine, a medicine for allergies;
- Warfarin, a medicine used to prevent blood clotting;
- Linezolid or erythromycin, both antibiotics;
- Rifampicin, a medicine used to treat tuberculosis;
- Medicines used to treat fungal infections such as ketoconazole;
- HIV/AIDS medications;
- Cimetidine, a medicine used to treat reflux and stomach ulcers;
- Triptans such as sumatriptan, naratriptan and zolmitriptan, medicines used to treat migraine;
- Medicines that may affect the heart’s rhythm such as certain antibiotics and some antipsychotics.
Your doctor will tell you what to do if you are taking any of these medicines.
Your doctor and pharmacist may have more information on medicines to be careful with or avoid while taking Mirtazon.
If you are not sure whether you are taking any of these medicines, check with your doctor or pharmacist.
How to take Mirtazon
Follow all directions given to you by your doctor and pharmacist. They may differ from the information contained here.
How much to take
Your doctor will tell you how much Mirtazon to take each day. Take exactly the amount your doctor tells you.
The usual starting dose is 15mg per day. Your doctor may slowly increase this dose depending on how you respond to Mirtazon. The effective dose for most people is usually between 30mg and 45mg per day.
Your doctor may have prescribed a different dose.
If you do not understand the instructions on the box, ask your doctor or pharmacist for help.
When to take it
Take Mirtazon at about the same time each day. Your doctor will tell you when to take your tablets.
The tablet(s) should be taken at the same time each day, preferably as a single night-time dose before going to bed; if recommended by your doctor, Mirtazon may be taken in sub-doses equally divided over the day (once in the morning and once at night-time before going to bed).
How to take it
Swallow the tablet(s), without chewing, together with some water or other fluid.
How long to take it
Keep taking Mirtazon until your doctor tells you to stop.
For depression, the length of treatment will depend on how quickly your symptoms improve. Most antidepressants take time to work, so do not be discouraged if you don’t feel better right away. Some of your symptoms may improve in 1 to 2 weeks but it can take up to 2 – 4 weeks to feel the full benefit of the medicine.
Even when you feel well, you will usually have to take Mirtazon for 4 to 6 months or even longer to make sure the benefits will last.
If you forget to take it
Once-daily dosing
If you forget to take the tablet before you go to bed, do not take the missed dose next morning. It may cause drowsiness or sleepiness during the day. Continue treatment in the evening with your normal dose.
Twice-daily dosing
- Morning dose forgotten.
- Simply take it together with your evening dose;
- Evening dose forgotten.
- Do not take it with the next morning dose. Continue treatment with your normal morning and evening doses;
- Both doses forgotten.
- Do not try to make up for the missed tablets. Continue with your usual morning and evening dose the next day.
If you have trouble remembering to take your medicine, ask your pharmacist for some hints.
If you take too much (overdose)
Immediately telephone your doctor or the Poisons Information Centre (telephone Australia 13 11 26) for advice, or go to Accident and Emergency at your nearest hospital if you think you or anyone else may have taken too much Mirtazon. Do this even if there are no signs of discomfort or poisoning. You may need urgent medical attention.
If you take too many Mirtazon tablets, you may feel drowsy, dizzy, confused, and agitated. You may also have changes in your heart rhythm (fast, irregular heartbeat) and/or fainting which could be symptoms of a life-threatening condition known as Torsade de Pointes.
While you are taking Mirtazon
Things you must do
Tell your doctor immediately if you develop fever, chills, sore throat or mouth ulcers or other signs of frequent infections. Stop taking Mirtazon and consult with your doctor for a blood test.
In rare cases, mirtazapine can cause disturbances in the production of blood cells (bone marrow depression). Some people become less resistant to infection because Mirtazon can cause a temporary shortage of white blood cells (granulocytopenia). In rare cases, Mirtazon can also cause a shortage of red and white blood cells, as well as blood platelets (aplastic anemia), a shortage of blood platelets (thrombocytopenia) or an increase in the number of white blood cells (eosinophilia). While rare, these symptoms most commonly appear after 4-6 weeks of treatment.
Tell your doctor immediately or go to the nearest hospital for treatment if you have any suicidal thoughts or other mental/mood changes. Occasionally, the symptoms of depression or other psychiatric conditions may include thoughts of harming yourself or committing suicide. Until the full antidepressant effect of your medicine becomes apparent, it is possible these symptoms may increase in the first few weeks of treatment.
Information from clinical trials has shown an increased risk of suicidal behaviour in young adults aged less than 25 years with psychiatric conditions who were treated with an antidepressant.
If you or someone you know is showing warning signs of suicide-related behaviour while taking Mirtazon, contact your doctor or a mental health professional right away or go to the nearest hospital for treatment. These signs include:
- Thoughts or talk of death or suicide;
- Thoughts or talk of self-harm or harm to others;
- Any recent attempts of self-harm;
- Increase in aggressive behaviour, irritability or agitation.
All mentions of suicide or violence must be taken seriously.
You may find it helpful to tell a relative or close friend that you are depressed, and ask them to read this information. You might ask them to tell you if they think your depression is getting worse, or if they are worried about changes in your behaviour.
Tell your doctor if you become pregnant while taking this medicine. Do not stop taking your tablets until you have spoken to your doctor. If you use Mirtazon until, or shortly before birth, your baby should be supervised for possible adverse effects.
Ask your doctor whether you can breastfeed, while taking Mirtazon.
Tell your doctor if for any reason you have not taken your medicine exactly as prescribed. Otherwise, your doctor may think that it was not effective and change your treatment unnecessarily.
Tell your doctor if you feel the tablets are not helping your condition.
Be sure to keep all of your appointments with your doctor so that your progress can be checked. You may need to have blood tests from time to time.
Before starting any new medicine, tell your doctor or pharmacist that you are taking Mirtazon.
Tell all doctors, dentists and pharmacists who are treating you that you are taking Mirtazon.
Things you must not do
Do not drive or operate machinery until you know how Mirtazon affects you. Mirtazon may cause drowsiness, dizziness or sleepiness in some people and affect alertness and concentration. If any of these occur, do not drive, operate machinery or do anything else that could be dangerous.
Do not suddenly stop taking Mirtazon, or lower the dose, without first checking with your doctor.
Do not let yourself run out of medicine over the weekend or on holidays.
Do not stop taking Mirtazon, even if you feel better unless advised by your doctor.
Suddenly stopping Mirtazon may cause nausea, headache, dizziness, anxiety, agitation. Your doctor may want to gradually reduce the amount of Mirtazon you are taking before stopping completely.
Do not use Mirtazon to treat any other conditions unless your doctor tells you to.
Do not give this medicine to anyone else, even if their symptoms seem similar to yours or if they have the same condition as you.
Things to be careful of
You are advised not to drink any alcohol while taking Mirtazon. Combining Mirtazon and alcohol can make you more sleepy and less alert. Your doctor may suggest you avoid alcohol while being treated with this medicine.
After taking Mirtazon
Storage
Keep your tablets in their blister pack until it is time to take them. The tablets may not keep as well if you take them out of the blister pack.
Store below 30°C in a dark, dry place. Do not store Mirtazon, or any other medicine, in a bathroom or near a sink. Do not leave it in the car or on window sills. Heat and dampness can destroy some medicines.
Keep this medicine where young children cannot reach it. A locked cupboard at least one-and-a-half metres above the ground is a good place to store medicines.
Disposal
Return any unused medicine to your pharmacist. Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste.
Schedule of Mirtazon
Mirtazon is a Schedule 4 – prescription only medicine.
Side effects of Mirtazon
Tell your doctor or pharmacist as soon as possible if you do not feel well while you are taking Mirtazon. Mirtazon helps most people with depression, but it may have unwanted side effects in a few people. All medicines can have side effects. Sometimes they are serious, most of the time they are not. You may need medical treatment if you get some of the side effects.
Ask your doctor or pharmacist any questions you may have.
Do not be alarmed by this list of possible side effects. You may not experience any of them.
Tell your doctor if you notice any of the following and they bother you:
- Lethargy, drowsiness or sleepiness;
- Headache;
- Tiredness;
- Increase in appetite and weight gain;
- Dry mouth;
- Nausea, vomiting;
- Diarrhoea;
- Constipation;
- Dizziness;
- Dizziness or faintness when getting up quickly from a lying or sitting position (low blood pressure);
- Abnormal sensations in the mouth sensations of numbness in the mouth or swelling in the mouth;
- Aggression;
- Swollen ankles or feet as a result of fluid accumulation (oedema);
- Rash or skin eruptions;
- Nightmares/vivid dreams;
- Tingling fingers or toes;
- Painful joints;
- Back pain;
- Muscle aches and pains;
- Restless legs;
- Abnormal sensation in the skin for example burning, stinging, tickling or tingling;
- Urge to move;
- Difficulty in passing urine (urinary retention);
- Speech disorders;
- Anxiety, insomnia. These may be symptoms of depression.
Tell your doctor immediately, or go to the Accident and Emergency at your nearest hospital if you notice any of the following:
- Suicidal ideation or behaviour;
- Epileptic attack (seizures);
- Shaking or tremors;
- Sudden muscle contractions (myoclonus);
- Attack of excessive excitability (mania);
- Agitation;
- Confusion;
- Hallucinations;
- Changes to your heart rhythm;
- Fainting;
- Yellow colouring of eyes or skin; this may suggest disturbance in liver function;
- Abdominal pain and nausea; this may suggest inflammation of the pancreas;
- Generalised fluid retention with weight gain;
- Skin rash, itching or hives; swelling of the face, lips or tongue which may cause difficulty breathing;
- Signs of infection such as sudden unexplainable high fever, sore throat and mouth ulcers;
- A combination of symptoms such as fever, sweating, increased heart rate, diarrhoea, (uncontrollable) muscle contractions, shivering, overactive reflexes, restlessness, mood changes unconsciousness and increased salivation (serotonin syndrome);
- Muscle pain, stiffness and/or weakness, darkening or discolouration of the urine (rhabdomyolysis).
Other side effects not listed above may also occur in some patients. Tell your doctor if you notice anything else that is making you feel unwell.
Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you don’t understand anything in this list.
For further information talk to your doctor.
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