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Cefotaxime Sodium for Injection (DBL)

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Generic Name: Cefotaxime sodium
Product Name: Cefotaxime Sodium for Injection (DBL)

Indication

Used for the treatment of infections caused by bacteria susceptible to cefotaxime.

Including:

  • Upper & lower respiratory tract infections
  • Urinary tract infections
  • Septicaemia
  • Intraabdominal infection
  • Gonorrhoea (including beta lactamase N.gonorrhoea)
  • Ear, nose & throat infections
  • Skin and skin structure infections
  • Bone and joint infections
  • Meningitis.
  • Used in the prevention of post-operative infections in patients undergoing obstetric surgery, hysterectomy (abdominal & vaginal), and biliary surgery.

Action

Microbiology

  • Cefotaxime is a semisynthetic broad spectrum cephalosporin with bactericidal action.
  • Cefotaxime is usually active against a variety of common bacterias.

Pharmacokinetics

  • Peak plasma levels are achieved approximately 30 minutes after intramuscular administration, and at the completion of intravenous administration. Cefotaxime is 32-44% bound to plasma proteins, with low binding affinity. In the presence of inflamed meninges, it displays significant diffusion into the cerebrospinal fluid. It is rapidly metabolised to the slightly less active, deacetylated form, and again to the microbiologically inactive open lactone form.
  • Cefotaxime is primarily excreted in the urine (85-90%) and partially in the faeces (7-9.5%), in the urine it is found almost equally in the unchanged, desacetylised and opened lactone metabolite forms. Elimination half life of cefotaxime in patients with normal renal function is 0.7-1.3 hours, and about 2 hours for the desacetylised metabolite.

Dose advice

Adults

Gonorrhoea

Uncomplicated gonorrhoea, due to non-beta lactamase producing organisms: 1 g, intramuscular, stat.

Uncomplicated gonorrhoea, due to beta lactamase producing organisms: 1 g probenecid, orally, plus one hour later 0.5 g cefotaxime, intramuscularly.


Urinary tract infections

1 g, twice daily.

Other infections

2-6 g daily, in divided doses.

Prevention of post-operative infections

Obstetric surgery: 1 g, intravenously, after the cord is clamped, and again after 6 & 12 hours.

Hysterectomy (abdominal & vaginal): 1 g, intramuscularly 30-60 minutes before incision, and again at 8, 16 & 24 hours.

Biliary surgery: 1 g, intravenously, at induction.

Children

Usual dose range: 100-150 mg/kg/day, in 3-4 divided doses. (Up to 200 mg/kg/day may be required in serious infections)

Neonatal meningitis

0-1 week old: 50 mg/kg/day, intravenously, every 12 hours.


1-4 weeks old: 50 mg/kg/day, intravenously, every 8 hours.

Patients with impaired renal function

Creatinine clearance < 20 mL/min: half daily dosage, give in divided doses every 12 hours.

Creatinine clearance < 5 mL/min: 500 mg, every 12 hours.

Schedule

S4

Common side effects

Uncommon side effects

  • Rash
  • Itch
  • Urticaria
  • Abnormalities in liver enzyme biochemistry.

For further information talk to your doctor.


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Dates

Posted On: 22 July, 2003
Modified On: 1 January, 1970

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Created by: myVMC